Scientists have made a precise map of all the matter in the universe.
The new map represents
one of the most precise measurements of how all the stuff in the universe is
distributed across the universe.
It mostly fits with
our existing picture of the cosmos. But there are some intriguing differences
that could suggest we are wrong about the universe in certain important ways.
When the universe
began, matter was flung outwards, gradually forming the planets, stars and
galaxies.
By carefully putting
together a map of that matter today, scientists can try to understand the
forces that shaped the evolution of the universe.
Combining data from two
major telescope surveys of the universe, the Dark Energy Survey and the South
Pole Telescope, the new analysis involved more than 150 researchers, including
several with the University of Chicago and Fermi National Accelerator
Laboratory.
The research suggests
matter is not as “clumpy” as would be expected based on the current best model
of the universe.
According to the
scientists, this adds to a body of evidence that there may be something missing
from the existing standard model of the universe.
By analyzing the two sets of data, the
scientists could infer where all the matter ended up in the universe.
They say it is more precise than previous measurements as it narrows down the possibilities for where this matter wound up, compared with previous analyses.
The
majority of the results fit perfectly with the currently accepted best theory
of the universe.
But there are also signs of a crack - one
that has been suggested in the past.
Co-author and University of Hawaii
astrophysicist Eric Baxter, said: “It seems like there are slightly less
fluctuations in the current universe than we would predict assuming our
standard cosmological model anchored to the early universe.”
The new readings find the universe is
less clumpy, clustering in certain areas rather than evenly spread out.
The researchers say that if other studies
continue to find the same results, it may mean there is something missing from
the existing model of the universe.
However, the results are not yet to the
statistical level that scientists consider to be certain.
But because the analysis yielded useful
information from two very different telescope surveys the results are
considered to be landmark findings.
The research has been published in Physical Review D.
The three papers are available on preprint server arXiv and can be found here, here, and here.

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